Degree titles

Bachelor

The Bachelor's degree is a first university degree that qualifies students for a profession. The degree programme teaches scientific principles, methodological skills and qualifications related to the professional field.

Bachelor's degree programmes can focus on one main subject (single-subject Bachelor's degree) or be completed as a combined degree programme with several subjects (combined Bachelor's degree or 2-subject Bachelor's degree).

The standard period of study for a full-time Bachelor's programme is a minimum of six and a maximum of eight semesters, with 180 or 240 ECTS credits required for graduation (see below for the credit point system).

Master

Foto: Helge Gerischer
Students walking on a modern staircase.

The Master's degree is a further professional qualification. Master's degree programmes serve to specialise in a particular subject and academic field or to broaden knowledge.

As a rule, the admission requirement is a university degree that already qualifies you for a profession, e.g. a Bachelor's degree. There are often a number of additional entry requirements, such as special language skills or an entrance test.

A distinction is also made between consecutive and continuing education Master's degree programmes.

  • Consecutive Master's degree programmes can deepen or broaden the knowledge acquired in the Bachelor's degree programme, expand it across disciplines or focus on other subject areas.
  • Continuing education Master's degree programmes require qualified practical professional experience of generally at least one year.

Master's degrees generally entitle the holder to pursue a doctorate. Master's degrees obtained at universities of applied sciences, like other university degrees, open up access to higher civil service careers in public administration.

The standard period of study for a Master's degree programme is a minimum of two and a maximum of four semesters. Together with the preceding degree programme, students earn a total of at least 300 ECTS credits during their studies.

Teacher training and Bachelor / Master

Numerous federal states have converted their teacher training programmes to a tiered study structure with university Bachelor's and Master's degrees. Others have retained the state examination in whole or in part. The models in the federal states differ in detail. For this reason, the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the states has regulated the recognition of degrees across the states.

Stand: 09.07.2025